Opening Doors
A HOUSING PUBLICATION FOR THE DISABILITY COMMUNITY

OCTOBER 2005
ISSUE 27

Priced Out in 2004:
The Escalating Housing Crisis Affecting People with Disabilities

By Ann O'Hara, Emily Cooper, and Jonathan Buttrick

Introduction

In 2004, the national average rent for a modest one-bedroom housing unit climbed to a record high of $676 – more than the entire monthly income of people with disabilities who rely on the federal Supplemental Security Income (SSI) program to pay for housing and other basic needs. Between 2002 and 2004, the cost of rental housing rose from 105.5 percent to 109.6 percent of monthly SSI payments – pricing people with disabilities completely out of the rental housing market.

These are two of the important findings included in Priced Out in 2004 – a new study of the extreme housing affordability problems of people with disabilities with the lowest incomes. Priced Out in 2004 is being published by the Technical Assistance Collaborative, Inc. (TAC) and the Consortium for Citizens with Disabilities (CCD) Housing Task Force to focus public attention on the serious housing crisis that affects the lowest-income adults with disabilities – those who qualify for federal SSI payments.

SSI is the federal income maintenance program that provides a base of support for people with significant and long-term disabilities who have virtually no assets. Some states provide an additional SSI supplement for people with specific types of disabilities and/or people with disabilities residing in specific housing arrangements such as congregate living or structured residential settings.

Since Priced Out in 1998 was published six years ago, the housing affordability gap between SSI income and modest rents has grown at an astonishing rate. In 1998, it was impossible to imagine that rents for one-bedroom and studio units would increase 59 percent in a mere six years to a level higher than the entire monthly income of a person receiving SSI.

This issue of Opening Doors focuses on the key findings published in Priced Out in 2004, a biennial comparison of the amount of monthly SSI income received by people with disabilities living independently with modest rental housing costs represented by the Fair Market Rents (FMRs) published annually by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD). Priced Out in 2004 is also a call for an immediate, significant, and long overdue government response to this housing crisis.

A publication of the
Technical Assistance
Collaborative, Inc.
and the Consortium for
Citizens with Disabilities
(CCD) Housing
Task Force

door

What's Inside?

Major Findings in Priced Out in 2004

Percent of SSI Benefits Needed to Rent a One-Bedroom Housing Unit

Disturbing Trends in State Rent Levels

Highest-Cost Local Housing Market Areas

Rising Costs in Rural Housing Markets

SSI Compared to Median Income

Effect of SSI Supplements

SSI Cost-of-Living Increases Compared to Increases in Rents

SSI Compared to the NLIHC's Housing Wage

How to Use the Information in Priced Out in 2004

Priced Out in 2004 may be downloaded in its entirety at www.tacinc.org. A complimentary copy may be ordered from TAC using the order form on page 11, or by emailing a request to publications@tacinc.org.

Major Findings in Priced Out in 2004

The major findings from the Priced Out in 2004 study include the following:

• In 2004, as a national average, a person receiving SSI needed to pay 109.6 percent of their entire monthly income in order to rent a modest one-bedroom unit. From 2002 to 2004, the housing affordability gap for people with disabilities continued to grow alarmingly while federal housing officials repeatedly proposed re-directing essential rent subsidy funds to higher-income households.

• During the six years since Priced Out in 1998 was published the amount of monthly SSI income needed to rent a modest one-bedroom unit has risen an astonishing 59 percent – from 69 percent of SSI in 1998 to 109.6 percent of SSI in 2004.

• People with disabilities receiving SSI are also priced out of smaller studio/efficiency rental units. In 2004, the national average cost of these units rose to 96.1 percent of monthly SSI, an increase of 8 percent from 2002.

• People with disabilities who rely on SSI payments continue to be among the lowest-income citizens in the United States . In 2004, the national average income of a person with a disability receiving SSI fell to a new low of 18.4 percent of median income – down from 18.8 percent in 2002.

• Over the past six years, since the publication of Priced Out in 1998, the national average income of a one-person household receiving SSI disability payments dropped 25 percent relative to median income – from 24.4 percent of median income in 1998 to 18.4 percent in 2004.

Percent of SSI Benefits Needed to Rent a One-Bedroom Housing Unit

A state-by-state analysis of SSI benefits compared to one-bedroom housing costs provides compelling evidence that extreme housing affordability problems for people with disabilities exist in all 50 states even when an SSI supplement is provided. Table 1 below indicates that in 2004, the average rent for a one-bedroom unit was more than SSI income in 20 states and the District of Columbia – four more states than in 2002. The District of Columbia has the dubious honor of having the highest cost rental housing market for people receiving SSI with one-bedroom rents equal to 185 percent of monthly SSI payments. Even in the most affordable state – West Virginia – people receiving SSI had to spend 71 percent of their monthly income to rent a modest one-bedroom unit.

TABLE 1:

PERCENT OF SSI NEEDED TO RENT A ONE-BEDROOM HOUSING UNIT

State	% of SSI
Alabama	78.2%
Alaska	76.1%
Arizona	111.7%
Arkansas	74.8%
California	114.4%
Colorado	109.0%
Connecticut	102.5%
Delaware	114.4%
District of Columbia	185.3%
Florida	119.5%
Georgia	107.8%
Hawaii	156.2%
Idaho	77.4%
Illinois	123.4%
Indiana	88.7%
Iowa	78.5%
Kansas	83.9%
Kentucky	75.5%
Louisiana	86.0%
Maine	93.2%
Maryland	145.2%
Massachusetts	134.9%
Michigan	101.6%
Minnesota	99.1%
Mississippi	76.8%
Missouri	89.2%
Montana	76.2%
Nebraska	80.0%
Nevada	131.2%
New Hampshire	119.0%
New Jersey	151.4%
New Mexico	87.2%
New York	137.6%
North Carolina	97.0%
North Dakota	71.5%
Ohio	87.8%
Oklahoma	71.5%
Oregon	99.2%
Pennsylvania	98.4%
Rhode Island	117.5%
South Carolina	89.9%
South Dakota	71.3%
Tennessee	84.9%
Texas	102.7%
Utah	98.4%
Vermont	92.2%
Virginia	128.4%
Washington	103.9%
West Virginia	71.1%
Wisconsin	80.4%
Wyoming	75.1%
NATIONAL	109.6%

*States above 100% are listed in bold

In 2004, rents for studio/efficiency units in every state were also well above what was affordable to people receiving SSI. Table 2 below shows that a total of 13 states had average rents for studio/efficiency units that exceeded 100 percent of monthly SSI income, led again by the District of Columbia . In 22 states, average rents for studio/efficiency units were between 75 and 100 percent of SSI. Even in the least expensive state – North Dakota – a person with a disability would have needed to spend 61 percent of monthly SSI income to rent a modest studio/efficiency apartment.

TABLE 2:

PERCENT OF SSI NEEDED TO RENT AN EFFICIENCY HOUSING UNIT

State	% of SSI
Alabama	70.0%
Alaska	65.1%
Arizona	95.9%
Arkansas	67.4%
California	97.7%
Colorado	95.7%
Connecticut	84.6%
Delaware	106.9%
District of Columbia	162.2%
Florida	106.6%
Georgia	99.3%
Hawaii	134.0%
Idaho	68.7%
Illinois	106.7%
Indiana	78.0%
Iowa	68.6%
Kansas	74.3%
Kentucky	66.3%
Louisiana	78.4%
Maine	80.0%
Maryland	126.8%
Massachusetts	124.0%
Michigan	92.0%
Minnesota	85.1%
Mississippi	68.6%
Missouri	79.1%
Montana	66.0%
Nebraska	71.9%
Nevada	112.4%
New Hampshire	100.7%
New Jersey	135.4%
New Mexico	75.9%
New York	118.3%
North Carolina	86.2%
North Dakota	61.7%
Ohio	76.4%
Oklahoma	65.3%
Oregon	85.0%
Pennsylvania	86.2%
Rhode Island	107.5%
South Carolina	81.4%
South Dakota	64.2%
Tennessee	76.4%
Texas	92.6%
Utah	88.8%
Vermont	80.4%
Virginia	116.3%
Washington	91.0%
West Virginia	63.1%
Wisconsin	68.4%
Wyoming	68.3%
NATIONAL	96.1%

*States above 100% are listed in bold

Disturbing Trends in State Rent Levels

As the result of the nation’s housing boom, there have been dramatic increases in rents in certain states. Rhode Island had the greatest relative increase in rental housing costs from 2002 to 2004 with an astounding 28 percent increase in the HUD one-bedroom Fair Market Rent in just two years. In addition to Rhode Island , 12 other states experienced double digit increases in rents between 2002 – 2004 (see Figure A below).

FIGURE A:

States with One-Bedroom Fair Market Rent Increases of 10% or More (2002 – 2004)

1. Rhode Island – 28.5%

2. Hawaii – 19.7%

3. Idaho – 16.9%

4. Florida – 13.7%

5. Virginia – 13.7%

6. Arkansas – 12.8%

7. Louisiana – 12.5%

8. Mississippi – 12.2%

9. Maryland – 11.7%

10. Missouri – 11.3%

11. Nevada – 11.3%

12. Nebraska – 10.8%

13. New Jersey – 10.1%

An additional 26 states had Fair Market Rent increases between 5-10 percent during this two- year period, indicating significant growth in the cost of rental housing in most housing market areas of the country and not simply on the West and East Coasts . For example, states such as Alabama and Kansas – not known for their high-cost housing markets – had increases of 9 percent and 8 percent respectively.

Even in the two states that saw a slight decline in Fair Market Rents (Georgia and South Dakota ), one of these states ( Georgia ) still had one-bedroom rents above 100 percent of SSI. Unfortunately, even when rents go down, people with disabilities receiving SSI payments still cannot afford to pay them.

Highest-Cost Local Housing Market Areas

In 2004, when analyzed by state, there were a total of 170 local housing market areas in the country where the cost of a one-bedroom unit was higher than monthly SSI payments. In contrast, Priced Out in 2002 identified 132 local housing market areas with rents exceeding SSI.

In addition to the District of Columbia , 38 states had at least one local housing market area where monthly rents were more than the monthly income of a person with a disability receiving SSI. Significant portions of Colorado , Georgia , Maryland , New Hampshire , North Carolina , South Carolina , and Virginia have now joined the ranks of states like California , Massachusetts , New Jersey and New York that have long been recognized as high-cost housing markets. Figure B highlights the ten highest-cost local housing market areas in the country for people with disabilities who rely on SSI payments.

FIGURE B:

Highest-Cost Local Housing Market Areas for One-Bedroom Housing Units, Expressed as a Percent of SSI

1. Columbia ( Maryland ) – 189.9%

2. Washington (District of Columbia/Maryland/Virginia) – 185.3%

3. Southern New Hampshire – 182.2%

4. Maui County ( Hawaii ) – 175.2%

5. Middlesex/Somerset/Hunterdon ( New Jersey ) – 172.9%

6. Nantucket County ( Massachusetts ) – 169.7%

7. New York ( New York ) – 166.4%

8. Bergen/Passaic ( New Jersey ) – 166.3%

9. Pitkin County ( Colorado ) – 160.4%

10. Nassau/Suffolk ( New York ) – 159.3%

Rising Costs in Rural Housing Markets

The rising cost of rental housing is now affecting even the most rural parts of the country and the people with disabilities who live there. In 16 states – led by Tennessee – the gap between SSI income and rents in rural areas grew by more than 10 percent between 2002 and 2004 (see Figure C ). An additional 18 states had increases between 5-10 percent – an upward trend in rural housing costs that was not found in the Priced Out in 1998, 2000, or 2002 studies. This rural data is one more indication that the affordable housing problems of people with disabilities living on SSI income are not solely concentrated in the more expensive housing markets of the country but exist in every housing market.

FIGURE C:

States with Rural Areas where Growth in Gap Between SSI Income and Rents Exceeded 10% (2202 – 2004)

1. Tennessee – 17.7%

2. Idaho – 15.6%

3. Illinois – 15.3%

4. Missouri – 15.3%

5. Wisconsin – 15.2%

6. Indiana – 14.8%

7. Arkansas – 14.7%

8. Mississippi – 14.5%

9. Nebraska – 14.0%

10. Arizona – 12.3%

11. North Dakota – 12.0%

12. Michigan – 11.9%

13. Colorado – 11.4%

14. Ohio – 10.3%

15. Kentucky – 10.2%

16. Texas – 10.0%

SSI Compared to Median Income

People with disabilities who qualify for SSI payments are at the very lowest end of the income scale. A comparison of SSI benefits to one-person household median incomes clearly illustrates the extreme poverty level of people with disabilities receiving SSI benefits and why an ongoing housing subsidy is essential for them to access and maintain housing in the community.

In 2004, the national average income of a person with a disability receiving SSI benefits fell to a new national low of 18.4 percent of median income – down from 18.8 percent of median income in 2002. Over the past six years, since the publication of Priced Out in 1998, the national average income of a one-person household receiving SSI disability payments has dropped 25 percent relative to median income – from 24.4 percent of median income in 1998 to 18.4 percent in 2004. Table 3 below provides national and state-by-state data comparing SSI income to the average state one-person median income.

TABLE 3:

SSI BENEFITS AS A PERCENTAGE OF ONE-PERSON MEDIAN INCOME

State	% of Median Income
Alabama	20.3%
Alaska	21.9%
Arizona	18.1%
Arkansas	21.3%
California	21.7%
Colorado	16.2%
Connecticut	16.8%
Delaware	15.4%
District of Columbia	11.3%
Florida	18.6%
Georgia	16.9%
Hawaii	15.4%
Idaho	21.6%
Illinois	15.4%
Indiana	16.9%
Iowa	17.3%
Kansas	17.3%
Kentucky	20.1%
Louisiana	20.7%
Maine	19.3%
Maryland	13.4%
Massachusetts	15.8%
Michigan	16.3%
Minnesota	16.8%
Mississippi	23.8%
Missouri	17.2%
Montana	20.4%
Nebraska	17.5%
Nevada	16.8%
New Hampshire	14.9%
New Jersey	13.1%
New Mexico	20.9%
New York	18.7%
North Carolina	18.2%
North Dakota	18.3%
Ohio	17.0%
Oklahoma	22.2%
Oregon	16.5%
Pennsylvania	17.7%
Rhode Island	17.7%
South Carolina	18.5%
South Dakota	20.1%
Tennessee	19.5%
Texas	18.2%
Utah	16.9%
Vermont	18.0%
Virginia	15.4%
Washington	16.2%
West Virginia	21.8%
Wisconsin	18.7%
Wyoming	18.1%
NATIONAL	18.4%

Effect of SSI Supplements

The SSI/median income comparison data also reinforces an important policy principle highlighted in previous Priced Out studies – that state SSI supplements do increase income but not sufficiently to close the housing affordability gap for people with disabilities. In 2004, state SSI supplements ranged from a high of $362 per month in Alaska to a low of $1.70 in Oregon . Figure D provides a listing of the states which provide SSI supplements to all people with disabilities living independently.

FIGURE D:

2004 State SSI Supplements for People with Disabilities Living Independently in the Community

Alaska ;$362.00

California ;$226.00

Colorado ;$37.00

Connecticut ;$183.00

Delaware ;$5.00

Idaho ;$52.00

Maine ;$10.00

Massachusetts ;$114.39

Michigan ;$14.00

Minnesota ;$81.00

Nebraska ;$12.00

New Hampshire ;$27.00

New Jersey ;$31.25

New York ;$87.00

Oklahoma ;$50.00

Oregon ;$1.70

Pennsylvania ;$27.40

Rhode Island ;$57.35

South Dakota ;$15.00

Vermont ;$52.04

Washington;$5.45/$25.90 **

Wisconsin ;$83.78

Wyoming ;$9.90

** In 2004, the State of Washington provided a state supplement of $25.90 in King, Kitsap, Pierce, Snohomish, and Thurston Counties and a supplement of $5.45 in the remaining counties in the State

Even in those states with relatively high SSI supplements, people with disabilities are still completely priced out of the rental housing market. Of the 23 states with SSI supplements 11 have one-bedroom average rents that are more than 100 percent of monthly SSI.

SSI Cost-of-Living Increases Compared to Increases in Rents

From 2002 to 2004, the increase in rental housing costs was substantially greater than the cost-of-living increases provided to people receiving SSI payments. Table 4 indicates that, nationally, rents increased by 7.6 percent between 2002 and 2004, while cost-of-living adjustments increased monthly SSI payments by only 3.6 percent over that two-year period. The disparity between growth in income and growth in rents – which has widened significantly in the past six years – is the reason why people with disabilities receiving SSI benefits are completely priced out of the housing market.

TABLE 4:

INCREASES IN SSI COMPARED TO INCREASES IN HOUSING COSTS

State	% Change in SSI Monthly Payment 2002-2004	% Change in 1-Bedroom FMR 2002 – 2004
Alabama	3.5%	9.2%
Alaska	2.1%	6.8%
Arizona	3.5%	6.4%
Arkansas	3.5%	12.8%
California	5.3%	6.4%
Colorado	3.3%	3.1%
Connecticut	0.0%	4.8%
Delaware	3.5%	6.5%
District of Columbia	3.5%	6.2%
Florida	3.5%	13.7%
Georgia	3.5%	-0.5%
Hawaii	2.6%	19.7%
Idaho	3.2%	16.9%
Illinois	3.5%	4.5%
Indiana	3.5%	9.9%
Iowa	3.5%	7.3%
Kansas	3.5%	8.5%
Kentucky	3.5%	6.5%
Louisiana	3.5%	12.5%
Maine	3.4%	7.0%
Maryland	3.5%	11.7%
Massachusetts	2.9%	3.0%
Michigan	3.4%	7.3%
Minnesota	3.0%	6.9%
Mississippi	3.5%	12.2%
Missouri	3.5%	11.3%
Montana	3.5%	7.5%
Nebraska	4.2%	10.8%
Nevada	3.5%	11.3%
New Hampshire	3.3%	8.3%
New Jersey	3.3%	10.1%
New Mexico	3.5%	6.5%
New York	3.0%	9.7%
North Carolina	3.5%	7.3%
North Dakota	3.5%	0.5%
Ohio	3.5%	2.5%
Oklahoma	2.7%	9.2%
Oregon	3.5%	2.9%
Pennsylvania	3.3%	6.2%
Rhode Island	2.0%	28.5%
South Carolina	3.5%	8.1%
South Dakota	3.4%	-3.7%
Tennessee	3.5%	8.9%
Texas	3.5%	8.0%
Utah	3.5%	2.6%
Vermont	2.0%	3.3%
Virginia	3.5%	13.7%
Washington	3.4%	0.0%
West Virginia	3.5%	6.1%
Wisconsin	3.0%	9.9%
Wyoming	3.4%	5.6%
NATIONAL	3.6%	7.6%

This state level data comparison of SSI cost-of-living increases to increases in rents also shows that the housing problems of people with disabilities grew much worse in certain states in just a two-year period of time. In the State of Hawaii – which eliminated its SSI supplement in 2003 and has one of the most expensive housing markets in the country – rental housing costs increased by 19 percent between 2002 and 2004 compared to a mere 2 percent SSI cost-of-living increase.

SSI Compared to the NLIHC’s Housing Wage

The concept of the Housing Wage was developed by the late Cushing Dolbeare, founder of the National Low Income Housing Coalition (NLIHC), and is the amount of income per hour that full-time workers must earn to have their rental housing costs be affordable. Consistent with the approach in Priced Out, affordability in the context of the Housing Wage is defined as paying no more than 30 percent of income for rental housing costs. By comparing monthly SSI benefits to the NLIHC’s Housing Wage, housing advocates have an additional tool to illustrate the significant gap between housing costs and income for people with disabilities.

Table 5 indicates that, as a national average, the Housing Wage that must be earned in order for a low-income person in 2004 to rent an affordable one-bedroom unit was $13.00 per hour – $7.85 higher than the federal minimum wage of $5.15. Monthly SSI income is equivalent to an hourly wage of only $3.56 — $1.59 below the federal minimum wage and less than one-third of the Housing Wage. The comparison of SSI to the Housing Wage demonstrates that people with disabilities currently receiving SSI would need to more than triple their current income to be able to afford the rent for a modest one-bedroom rental unit.

TABLE 5:

HOURLY SSI AS A PERCENTAGE OF THE NLIHC’S HOUSING WAGE

State	SSI as an Hourly Wage	NLIHC Housing Wage	Hourly SSI as % of 1-Bedroom Housing Wage
Alabama	$3.25	$8.48	38.3%
Alaska	$5.34	$13.56	39.4%
Arizona	$3.25	$12.12	26.8%
Arkansas	$3.25	$8.12	40.0%
California	$4.56	$17.38	26.2%
Colorado	$3.47	$12.60	27.5%
Connecticut	$4.31	$14.73	29.3%
Delaware	$3.28	$12.52	26.2%
District of Columbia	$3.25	$20.10	16.2%
Florida	$3.25	$12.96	25.1%
Georgia	$3.25	$11.69	27.8%
Hawaii	$3.25	$16.94	19.2%
Idaho	$3.55	$9.17	38.7%
Illinois	$3.25	$13.38	24.3%
Indiana	$3.25	$9.62	33.8%
Iowa	$3.25	$8.52	38.1%
Kansas	$3.25	$9.10	35.7%
Kentucky	$3.25	$8.19	39.7%
Louisiana	$3.25	$9.33	34.8%
Maine	$3.31	$10.29	32.2%
Maryland	$3.25	$15.75	20.6%
Massachusetts	$3.91	$17.60	22.2%
Michigan	$3.33	$11.29	29.5%
Minnesota	$3.72	$12.29	30.3%
Mississippi	$3.25	$8.33	39.0%
Missouri	$3.25	$9.67	33.6%
Montana	$3.25	$8.27	39.3%
Nebraska	$3.32	$8.87	37.4%
Nevada	$3.25	$14.23	22.8%
New Hampshire	$3.41	$13.52	25.2%
New Jersey	$3.43	$17.33	19.8%
New Mexico	$3.25	$9.46	34.4%
New York	$3.76	$17.23	21.8%
North Carolina	$3.25	$10.52	30.9%
North Dakota	$3.25	$7.75	41.9%
Ohio	$3.25	$9.52	34.1%
Oklahoma	$3.54	$8.44	41.9%
Oregon	$3.26	$10.79	30.2%
Pennsylvania	$3.41	$11.19	30.5%
Rhode Island	$3.58	$14.04	25.5%
South Carolina	$3.25	$9.75	33.3%
South Dakota	$3.34	$7.94	42.1%
Tennessee	$3.25	$9.21	35.3%
Texas	$3.25	$11.13	29.2%
Utah	$3.25	$10.67	30.5%
Vermont	$3.55	$10.92	32.5%
Virginia	$3.25	$13.92	23.3%
Washington	$3.36	$11.63	28.9%
West Virginia	$3.25	$7.71	42.2%
Wisconsin	$3.74	$10.02	37.3%
Wyoming	$3.31	$8.29	39.9%
NATIONAL	$3.56	$13.00	27.4%

Housing Affordability for People with Disabilities in Your Community

People with disabilities, their families, and their , advocates can learn more about the housing affordability crisis in their community by viewing state and local housing market information contained in Appendix A of Priced Out in 2004.

Figure E is taken from Appendix A and illustrates local housing market information for the State of Michigan that can be found in Priced Out in 2004. In 2004, Michigan had SSI benefits 2004 equal to $578 per month. Statewide, this income was equal to only 16.3 percent of the median income. Within Michigan ’s federally defined housing market areas the cost of a one-bedroom rental unit ranged from a low of 73.7 percent of SSI benefits in the rural non-metropolitan areas of the state to a high of 123.4 percent in the Ann Arbor market area.

Because Appendix A presents rent and income information within a context that is familiar to state and local housing officials, it is an extremely helpful tool for housing advocacy purposes. It can be used by disability advocates to engage state and local housing officials, and provide specific information on the housing needs of people with disabilities in that housing market area.

Priced Out in 2004 can be obtained online at www.tacinc.org, or by ordering a complimentary copy from TAC using the order form below.

FIGURE E:

From Appendix A of Priced Out in 2004: Local Housing Market Data for the State of Michigan

State and Metropolitan Statistical Area	SSI Monthly Payment	SSI as % Median Income	% SSI for Efficiency	% SSI for 1-Bedroom	SSI As An Hourly Wage	NLIHC Housing Wage
Michigan
Ann Arbor	$578	12.8	111.4	123.4	$3.33	$13.71
Benton Harbor	$578	19.0	70.2	78.7	$3.33	$8.75
Detroit	$578	14.8	104.8	115.9	$3.33	$12.88
Flint	$578	18.0	83.6	88.2	$3.33	$9.81
Grand Rapids/Muskegon/Holland	$578	16.2	88.6	94.8	$3.33	$10.54
Jackson	$578	17.1	74.7	83.4	$3.33	$9.27
Kalamazoo/Battle Creek	$578	17.3	77.0	84.6	$3.33	$9.40
Lansing/East Lansing	$578	15.3	83.0	90.1

Priced Out in 2004: The Escalating Housing Crisis Affecting People with Disabilities

Introduction

Major Findings in Priced Out in 2004

Percent of SSI Benefits Needed to Rent a One-Bedroom Housing Unit

Priced Out in 2004:
The Escalating Housing Crisis Affecting People with Disabilities